Gabatarwa zuwa Fitar Filastik
Fitar filastik na ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin masana'anta da aka fi amfani da su a cikin masana'antar robobi, musamman don thermoplastics. Kama da gyare-gyaren allura, ana amfani da extrusion don ƙirƙirar abubuwa masu ci gaba da bayanan martaba, kamar bututu, bututu, da bayanan martaba na kofa. Extrusion thermoplastic na zamani ya kasance kayan aiki mai ƙarfi na kusan ƙarni ɗaya, yana ba da damar samar da girma mai girma na sassan bayanan martaba. Abokan ciniki suna haɗin gwiwa tare da kamfanoni masu fitar da filastik don haɓaka ƙirar filastik na musamman don takamaiman bukatunsu.
Wannan labarin ya shiga cikin mahimman abubuwan extrusion na filastik, yana bayanin yadda tsarin ke aiki, wanda za'a iya fitar da kayan thermoplastic, menene samfuran da aka saba kera su ta hanyar fitar da filastik, da kuma yadda extrusion filastik ya kwatanta da fitar da aluminum.
Tsarin Fitar Filastik
Don fahimtar tsarin extrusion na filastik, yana da mahimmanci don sanin menene extruder da yadda yake aiki. Yawanci, extruder ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu zuwa:
Hopper: Yana adana albarkatun filastik.
Ciyar da Maƙogwaron: Yana ciyar da robobi daga hopper zuwa cikin ganga.
Ganga mai zafi: Ya ƙunshi dunƙule da mota ke motsawa, wanda ke tura kayan zuwa ga mutuwa.
Plate Breaker: An sanye shi da allo don tace abu da kiyaye matsi.
Feed Pipe: Canja wurin narkakkar kayan daga ganga zuwa mutu.
Mutu: Siffata kayan zuwa bayanin martaba da ake so.
Tsarin sanyaya: Yana tabbatar da daidaituwa iri ɗaya na ɓangaren extruded.
Tsarin extrusion na filastik yana farawa ne ta hanyar cika hopper tare da kayan aiki masu ƙarfi, kamar pellets ko flakes. Ana ciyar da kayan nauyi ta hanyar maƙogwaron abinci a cikin ganga na extruder. Yayin da kayan ya shiga cikin ganga, yana zafi ta wurare masu zafi da yawa. A lokaci guda, ana tura kayan zuwa ƙarshen ƙarshen ganga ta hanyar juzu'i mai jujjuyawar, abin hawa. Surkulle da matsa lamba suna haifar da ƙarin zafi, don haka wuraren dumama baya buƙatar zafi kamar zafin zafin ƙarshe na extrusion.
Narkar da robobin na fita daga ganga ta fuskar allo da aka ƙarfafa da faranti mai karyawa, wanda ke kawar da gurɓatacce kuma yana kiyaye matsi iri ɗaya a cikin ganga. Sai kayan ya wuce ta bututun ciyarwa a cikin mutuƙar al'ada, wanda ke da buɗaɗɗen buɗewa kamar bayanin martabar da ake so, yana samar da extrusion na filastik na al'ada.
Kamar yadda aka tilasta abu ta hanyar mutuwa, yana ɗaukar siffar buɗewar mutuwa, yana kammala aikin extrusion. Ana sanyaya bayanin martabar da aka fitar a cikin wankan ruwa ko kuma ta hanyar jerin gwano don ƙarfafawa.
Filayen Filastik
Filastik extrusion dace da daban-daban thermoplastic kayan, mai tsanani zuwa ga narkewa maki ba tare da haifar da thermal lalata. Zazzabi na extrusion ya bambanta dangane da takamaiman filastik. Filayen robobi na gama-gari sun haɗa da:
Polyethylene (PE): Fitarwa tsakanin 400 ° C (ƙananan yawa) da 600 ° C (mai girma).
Polystyrene (PS): ~ 450°C
Nailan: 450°C zuwa 520°C
Polypropylene (PP): ~ 450 ° C
PVC: Tsakanin 350 ° C da 380 ° C
A wasu lokuta, ana iya fitar da elastomers ko robobi na thermosetting maimakon thermoplastics.
Aikace-aikace na Fitar Filastik
Kamfanonin extrusion na filastik na iya kera sassa da yawa tare da daidaitattun bayanan martaba. Fayilolin fitar da filastik sun dace don bututu, bayanan ƙofa, sassan mota, da ƙari.
1. Bututu da Bututu
Bututun filastik da tubing, sau da yawa ana yin su daga PVC ko wasu thermoplastics, aikace-aikacen extrusion na filastik ne gama gari saboda bayanan martabarsu masu sauƙi. Misali shine extruded magudanar ruwa.
2. Waya Insulation
Yawancin thermoplastics suna ba da ingantaccen rufin lantarki da kwanciyar hankali na thermal, yana sa su dace da fitar da rufi da sheathing don wayoyi da igiyoyi. Hakanan ana amfani da fluoropolymers don wannan dalili.
3. Bayanan Kofa da Taga
Ƙofar filastik da firam ɗin taga, waɗanda ke da alaƙa da ci gaba da bayanan martaba da tsayinsu, sun dace don extrusion. PVC sanannen abu ne don wannan aikace-aikacen da sauran na'urorin haɗi na gida masu alaƙa da bayanan bayanan filastik.
4. Makafi
Makafi, wanda ya ƙunshi slats iri ɗaya da yawa, ana iya fitar da su daga thermoplastics. Bayanan martaba yawanci gajere ne, wani lokacin tare da zagaye ɗaya gefe. Ana amfani da polystyrene sau da yawa don makafin itacen faux.
5. Ciwon Yanayi
Kamfanonin keɓe robobi akai-akai suna samar da samfuran cirewar yanayi, waɗanda aka ƙera don dacewa da kyau a kusa da firam ɗin ƙofa da taga. Roba abu ne na kowa don cirewar yanayi.
6. Yanayin Windshield da Matureseges
Abubuwan goge gilashin mota galibi ana fitar dasu. Filayen filastik na iya zama kayan roba na roba kamar EPDM, ko haɗin roba da roba na halitta. Wuraren squeegee na hannu suna aiki daidai da gogewar iska.
Fitar Filastik vs. Aluminum Extrusion
Bayan thermoplastics, aluminum kuma ana iya extruded don ƙirƙirar sassan bayanan martaba masu ci gaba. Fa'idodin extrusion aluminium sun haɗa da nauyi mai nauyi, ɗawainiya, da sake yin amfani da su. Aikace-aikace na gama gari don extrusion na aluminium sun haɗa da sanduna, bututu, wayoyi, bututu, shinge, dogo, firam, da magudanar zafi.
Ba kamar filastik extrusion ba, aluminum extrusion na iya zama ko dai zafi ko sanyi: zafi extrusion ana yi tsakanin 350 ° C da 500 ° C, yayin da sanyi extrusion da ake yi a dakin da zafin jiki.
Kammalawa
Fitar da filastik, musamman a cikin mahallin layin bututun filastik na kasar Sin, hanya ce mai dacewa da inganci don samar da sassan bayanan martaba masu ci gaba. Ƙarfinsa don ɗaukar nau'ikan thermoplastics iri-iri da faɗuwar aikace-aikacen sa ya sa ya zama dole a cikin masana'antar kera filastik.
Lokacin aikawa: Yuli-16-2024